When billionairess Melinda Gates announced her plans to bring contraception to more than 100 million impoverished women, she presented herself as a practicing Catholic inspired by a commitment to social justice inculcated during her high-school years at the Ursuline Academy in Dallas.
Indeed, her high school has since defended her decision to transgress Catholic teaching on contraception: “Melinda Gates leads from her conscience and acts on her beliefs as a concerned citizen of our world,” read a statement released by the Ursuline Academy.
We have been here before.
Such policies are often presented as the inevitable outcome of a choice between impossibly high-minded doctrines and a compassionate accommodation of imperfect realities. A similar calculus is typically offered by self-identified “Catholic” politicians who cast votes against legislation seeking to bar abortion, embryo-destructive stem-cell research and same-sex “marriage.”
Recently, a similar explanation was also floated during the controversy ignited by the Vatican’s effort to reform the Leadership Conference of Women Religious. LCWR leaders and their allies rejected any suggestion that they must teach and defend the fullness of the truth, including Catholic teaching on marriage and abortion.
Rather, the LCWR’s non-existent record on life issues was justified as an unintended byproduct of the group’s commitment to social justice. These arguments ignore a fundamental truth that bears repeating: A humble adherence to moral absolutes secures social justice.
Not only does the moral law provide boundaries beyond which we cannot go, thus protecting human dignity, it also guards against misplaced passions that so often derail our human projects, leading to failure and even tragedy.
Given Gates’ impressive record of philanthropy and service, many Catholics are loath to judge her intentions, nor should they do so. But we also must not forget that the promotion of contraception constitutes a direct violation of Catholic teaching.
And while Gates believes that her campaign will result in a vast reduction in maternal and infant deaths, contraception has repeatedly failed to live up to its vaunted promise of alleviating suffering and poverty. A half century after the Food and Drug Administration’s approval of oral contraception in the United States, non-marital births, sexual exploitation of women, divorce and an impoverished underclass continue to gain ground.
Indeed, a refusal to reassess this failed legacy reveals that blind faith, not evidence-based medicine, has fueled the promotion of contraception, even as its supporters work to sideline Catholic health care and social outreach that reject such practices.
Further, Gates’ assertion that social justice requires her rejection of Humanae Vitae points to another familiar problem: a failure of catechesis.
Judging from the statement released by the Ursuline Academy, it seems likely that Gates, like so many Catholic schoolchildren, never learned the Church’s reasons for opposing contraception, let alone Pope Paul VI’s prescient view of contraception’s devastating moral and social impact. The Ursuline Academy’s reference to “conscience” fails to explain that the Church asks even its most illustrious members to form their conscience in accordance with the mind and heart of the Church and to embrace her inconvenient truths with childlike humility.
Indeed, a very strong case could be made that powerful men and women are especially called to deepen the virtue of humility and to ponder Christ’s warning to the “rich man.”
In Evangelium Vitae, Blessed Pope John Paul II recalled, “The Pharaoh of old, haunted by the presence and increase of the children of Israel, submitted them to every kind of oppression and ordered that every male child born of the Hebrew women was to be killed (Exodus 1:7-22).”
The Pope pondered the similarities between Pharaoh, who would lose his son in his war against the “children of the Israelites,” and our modern-day pharaohs of industry and philanthropy: “Today, not a few of the powerful of the earth act in the same way. They too are haunted by the current demographic growth. … Consequently, rather than wishing to face and solve these serious problems with respect for the dignity of individuals and families and for every person’s inviolable right to life, they prefer to promote and impose by whatever means a massive program of birth control.”
Thus, while their “intentions … can seem convincing at times, especially if presented in the name of solidarity, we are in fact faced by an objective ‘conspiracy against life.’ Further, this anti-life regime is presented as ‘a mark of progress and a victory of freedom,’ while pro-life witness is attacked as an ‘enemy of freedom and progress.’”
Gates says that she is not like the pharaohs of old — the philanthropists who funded population control because they saw increased numbers of poor people as a threat to political and economic stability. And the Gates Foundation has played an essential and distinctive role in the public-health field, rejecting, for example, any promotion of abortion.
It would, therefore, be a tragedy if that inspirational legacy was tainted by policies and practices that herald the culture of death.
The danger is real: The Gates Foundation will partner with the United Nations Population Fund and International Planned Parenthood, despite both organizations’ commitment to abortion rights — and despite the UNFPA’s documented complicity in China’s brutal one-child regime.
Melinda Gates vows that she will respect the freedom of women. But she will not be there when the UNFPA does its work, and she has not explained how a $4-billion contraception campaign might affect access to underfunded but essential medical services.
“I believe absolutely in family planning: I am putting my reputation, my credibility on the line for it,” Gates has said.
Let us pray that she will reassess this fateful decision before those she hopes to serve learn to fear, rather than welcome, this effort.
Print Edition: May 19, 2013
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The church’s position on contraception is NOT INFALLIBLE. The teachings of a pope or the Roman curia is not binding if it does not have the support of the bishops, priests and the people of God, the body of Christ.This teaching obviously does not. The pope’s persist because to change it would be to admit that their colleauges have been wrong. this is something they will not do because it will weaken their power and authority. Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. We need to get back to the teachings of Jesus when speaking to the apostles and disciples. Whoever would be first among you must be the slave of all. Whoever would be first must be the servant of all. The leadership of the church needs to get back to these principles, forego their fancy garments and their pointy hats and the exalted titles from middle age royalty.
Has the Ursuline Academy in Dallas been separated from the Church as a non-Catholic entity? We’ll get there soon.
Are you shocked? Don’t be! You and I will have the same own mistaken opinons and srewed up conscience if we stop praying. Do you really speak with your children? No? Don’t be surprised you will stop understanding them and their decisions. Do you really speak with your spouse? No? You will stop understanding each other. Why?!! Why do you need to be doing things when they are pleasant only? A we animals or “beloved sons or daughters of Our Father?” Why do you need to feel like doing something? It costs too much? Maybe you became cheap in the market of real Love? I beg you, I call you, start praying for your family, and for the people from your local church! Daily! Add Angelus. Start paying attention at the mass. Change!
The “informed conscience” claptrap that has infected modern Catholicism is a result of the theologian revolt after Humanae Vitae where the theologians wanted to set themselves up as a rival Magisterium. Many will not even take the oath of fidelity. Time to start withholding communion from those theologians that refuse to take the oath and excommunicating others that should have been excommunicated ages ago. The Church’s mission is to save souls, not coddle dissident theologians. How many souls are being lost to Hell (yeah gang, Hell exists) because this type of evil goes unabated!
Deacon Dan say’s Conraception is a controversial manifestation of belief in the Catholicism of belief and manifestation of a catholic family far and near. I beleive this would bring a clearer point of all women of conscience and clearer mind.
Thanks.
Deacon Dan
Yes, this indicates a failure in catechesis. Too many of us - Catholics who were raised after 1960’s when religious educators dumbed-down our curriculum - do not know enough about the real teachings of the Catholic Church. Sadly, I am one as well. But I am trying to read the Catechism a little at a time. We need a sweeping reeducation so we know enough to practice and defend our faith! Contraception reduces human sexuality to animal-like levels, where people become ruled by their passions and physical impulses, and ignore the spiritual beauty of real love, devotion and dedication. In fact, some animals probably demonstrate more fidelity to their mates than some humans do these days.
She is not a true Catholic and all she’s doing is helping these impoverished people to contract STDs, future cancer, etc. Some humanitarian she is promoting broken hearts and uncommitted sex. Lord, please help this woman and all the people she’s poisoning with chemicals and lies.
This is what “situational morality” does. There is no clear path. There is only “doing it my way.” Mrs. Gates is probably well-intentioned, but is profoundly incorrect. God blessed me with being educated in a Catholic school while Catholic education was still well…Catholic. God forgive us and have mercy on us. My brother calls me stiff because I believe in objective right and wrong. I hope he is right! God bless Mrs. Gates and bring her to understand what it is to be fully Catholic and to use her vast resources to promote what is good and true and beautiful.
“Given Gates’ impressive record of philanthropy and service, many Catholics are loath to judge her intentions, nor should they do so…” Do not judge? Seriously? Melinda has told us exactly that she intends to bring abortion and contraception funds to poor women around the world. We certainly can judge those intentions, and we should publicly admonish her. Her soul is at stake. Philanthropy is *not* true charity, never was. Throwing money around is not something to be impressed by.
People in the public eye like Melinda Gates that claim to be practicing Catholics should be publicly excommunicated when they go against Catholic teaching like this. This is a disgrace to all Catholics and certainly confuses a lot of people on what a Catholic is and believes. Bishops need to step in and do their duty to protect the Church from these people. I do not understand why, when those like Melinda and the others in Washington are allowed to do and say these things while Church officials sit quietly without publicly denouncing their actions followed by public excommunication. Those who are not schooled well in their faith would think it’s okay to do these things and still be a Catholic. When is the Church going to stand up and fight back for what’s right? No wonder we’re attacked so much. They are not standing up for truth anymore. Aren’t the bishops the protectors of the flock in matters of faith and morals? Our younger generation of Catholics do not know what it is to be a real Catholics and they are not aware these things are not okay in the eyes of God. Souls could be at risk for not doing anything about it.
BT
There are none among us like Melinda Gates with the monetary wherewithall
to venture alone unto the world ministering the deeds of social justice. The world is fortunate to have one such as she. Since the Romnan church is forever mired in the Middle Age, individuals must go it alone. Melinda sets a much needed example for us, who wish to be free of the constraints put upon society by the church. She is truly a profile in courage, demonstrating her well deveoped conscience, unhampered, and willing to assert independence of thought.
“Judging from the statement released by the Ursuline Academy, it seems likely that Gates, like so many Catholic schoolchildren, never learned the Church’s reasons for opposing contraception, let alone Pope Paul VI’s prescient view of contraception’s devastating moral and social impact. The Ursuline Academy’s reference to ‘conscience’ fails to explain that the Church asks even its most illustrious members to form their conscience in accordance with the mind and heart of the Church and to embrace her inconvenient truths with childlike humility.”
The “camel” is now fully inside the tent. It seems to me the clergy have dropped the ball, more so than the Catholic schools. The nuanced writings of the bishops, all designed not to threaten their predominant political allies, i.e., the Democrats, is responsible for this improperly formed conscience. When they hand over morality of something to the peoples’ own consciences, the laity’s hearts are going to be making those decisions, not their minds. It did not help pro-life to become the step child of “social justice.” That was the U.S. bishops doing, not the teachers.
I hope Ms. Gates will reconsider and rethink her partnership with Planned Parenthood, et. al.. I find it hard to believe that she is ignorant of Planned Parenthood’s history and the fact that they are the largest of abortion providers. Her money could be put to much better use in funding for education of these women rather than exposing them to the known health hazards of artificial contraception.
Melinda Gates sees reality for what it is. The Church sees reality as it would have it!
Thank you for a clearly spoken article reinforcing the true teaching of our Roman Catholic faith regarding contraception. The culture of death, based primarily on deception, is unfortunately tricking a lot of well intentioned people to deform their consciences (assuming they were ever actually well informed consciences). I am reminded of a writing by Sir Walter Scott: “Oh what a tangled web we weave, When first we practice to deceive!” Thanks again for providing clear thought to help us to untangle this web woven by our culture of death.
Why are all her classmates and teachers afraid to talk about how Melinda was as a student in this school?
There have been arguments inside Mother Church on a host of issues since the Council of Jerusalem (c. 49AD. Many of our greatest saints had serious opposition from serious people inside the Church. (See Chesterson’s bio of St. Thomas.) Teachings that today are accepted as core, like the celibate male priesthood, were up in the air the first thousand years of the Church’s existence - our first Pope, St. Peter, was married. I’d be careful before talking about “mix and match” and identifying conscience with what the Vatican claims to be true - end of story. The Church has always had a hierarchy of sins, just no clear way of identifying them. I find humane vitae one of the most beautiful of Church documents but wish, as did the advising bishops, that Paul VI had added one sentence. I’m sorry but I just don’t see the clear difference between passive contraception and natural family planning. I think we should remember that, at least for now, Mrs Gates is not funding abortions - something the Church has condemned from day one. Or how about salvation through the Church only? I don’t see how it would be possible to claim that the Church continues to make that claim considering a blizzard of trips, speeches and letters written by the last two Popes and their favorite theologian - Urs von Balthasar.
I’m a convert and came to the Church because I liked what I read of major Church documents. But it is true that the Church asks what cannot be delivered. And keeping that in mind, I’d be glad to condemn Hilary Clinton or Kathrine Sibelius. But as of now, I’d give Linda Gates a pass. If nothing else, people in the public sphere who put faith in contraception could more easily change direction on that as it becomes more clear that the problem in most places is not too many children. People bankrolling abortions have made a pact with the devil and are not going to easily repent.
Eric Bergerud
I think it’s easy to name drop; easy to skim from others’ work and wear it like a badge as though we wrote it. We need to look beyond the cafeteria ‘menu du jour’ and ask Melinda what her views are on forced marriage.
Came here from a link from National Post. Can’t help asking: You’re honestly claiming that the sexual exploitation of women has increased with contraception rather than decreased? Really?
Are you living in some kind of parallel universe where facts and evidence don’t apply?
This “parallel universe” itself is conditional to those who follow her own insatiable appetites. She’s blackmailing the entire intelligence community!!!
It is time that someone independently has the gumption to realize that world population is at stake. All the harbors of the world have polluted waters. We are at 7 billion people and as difficult as it is now, this planet can not handle a couple billion more people. There is no need to list the cascade of problems we now face due to world overpopulation, but what Melinda Gates is doing is a positive beginning. Since our church is frozen in the past, we as individuals must come forward as does Mrs. Gates. Carl Sagan spoke correctly when he stated the legacy of religion has always been to impede scientific progress.
People who abort will defend abortion. People who contracept they will defend contraception and will call the Church frozen in the past.
Every day, month, year and century there are lots of people who call the Church a thing of the past, frozen, corrupted, and dead.
Yet, after two thousand years the Church is still there, while those people faded away with the memory of them lost in the past.
There is nothing we can do except to die to ourselves in order to let those people know that Love is really here, and that we can be changed, so they can be changed too. For now, they are afraid, and it is only fear that stops them from seeking more knowledge of Love. A fear that they will have to change or be in conflict with their conscience.
Pray, pray, pray.
EXTREMELY WELL WRITTEN WITH A GENTLE YET FIRM DEMEANOR, FULLY ENDORSING THE ABSOLUTE TRUTH OF THE GOSPEL AND OF THE TEACHING OF OUR CATHOLIC CHURCH. THANK YOU!!!
The “camel” is now fully inside the tent. It seems to me the clergy have dropped the ball, more so than the Catholic schools. The nuanced writings of the bishops, all designed not to threaten their predominant political allies, i.e., the Democrats, is responsible for this improperly formed conscience. When they hand over morality of something to the peoples’ own consciences, the laity’s hearts are going to be making those decisions, not their minds, especially those who consider themselves Democrats. It did not help pro-life or the unborn to become the stepchild of “social justice.” That was the U.S. bishops doing, not the teachers.
Responses of some of you remind me myself form the past.
All knowing, authoritarian, never wrong person who looks at others and the Church as his pupil.
I was proven wrong. In all the things. Absolutely all. It is a grace, I cannot believe!
Today, I am in love in the Church, and I know that the Church IS Christ and loves you all.
Christ paints this so ever beautiful picture using us as pens. He does not have too many of us saying to Him ‘use me, let Your will be done, not mine.’ Thank God (literally) there are a few of you who say yes to Him. Thank you sooo much!
Brothers and Sisters. I promise you. There are only two paths. One - you will finally stop being gods, and realize that there is authority higher than you, and you will fall down on your knees. Falling and crying out for your misery. Crying out understanding God’s Love for you even though you, as me, do not deserve it at all.
Or… you will leave this Church telling ‘this teaching is too hard.’ Some of you fighting with the Church till the end. In despair. Never fulfilled, with ever more empty heart. And Christ will be whispering in His pain on the Cross, ‘I thirst.’ thirsting for you till the end.
This is not the first woman the Ursulines have led down the ” Road to Perdition”. Melinda Gates is just one of the more well known ones educated at an Ursuline Academy. Saint Ursula, Saint Angela de Merici pray for us.
This is an effort to help poor women and children living and thriving in a world where disease, starvation and death loom over them. It gives life and health to the living. Voluntary family planning increases education and improves the health of these women and children…how is that bad! The Catholic church with all its wealth could/should support this. The CC could/should spend some of their wealth and sponsor more missionaries to teach their doctrine if they really care! ... and you would deny this gift to everyone regardless of their faith. They are not all catholics!
we can pray but will that give comfort and relief to the child being raped, the mother watching, the disease spreading!
+JMJ+
The Gates Of Hell will not prevail.
Money for the missions? Malthusian Catholicism?
The problem does not end with an excommunication. When vehement and persisting anti-catholic ideologies come up. there will be only one way That is a SPLIT.The Catholic Church with the Bishop of Rome as the Head will continue teaching the morality in the traditional way . Those who believe in that Church may have to suffer, threats and humiliation. Let us be ready and pray for all those who oppose the Church teachings
“Judging from the statement released by the Ursuline Academy, it seems likely that Gates, like so many Catholic schoolchildren, never learned the Church’s reasons for opposing contraception, let alone Pope Paul VI’s prescient view of contraception’s devastating moral and social impact.”
That’s because so many bishops were opposed to it that they failed to teach it. Also, too, is loyalty to political party as opposed to the Church: Political Party identity vs Catholic Identity. The Democrat Party is trying to become the spokesperson for Christianity. It’s almost like the new Church of England: Henry VII and Obama vs. the Catholic Church. Any Thomas More’s anywhere????
Is this a case of scandle? Since she is making public her direct opposition to church teaching; and addressing herself as a Catholic? Who is responsible to take action to try and bring her back into the fold. Her parish priest, bishop…what is actually being done or can be? When a christian brethen sins speak to him and if he will not listen…Is anyone writing directly..to her? Perhaps a letter campaign with Love.
I fail to see the outrage with Melinda Gates and I fail to understand the loud silence in regards to our youth being sexually harassed in Catholic parochial schools and supported faithfully by weekly financial giving. The “Growing In Love” sexualized Catechized series is approved by the U. S. bishops. Here is a small portion of an article from http://www.motherswatch.net/content/view/12/6/ who have studied this demoralizing curriculum that is spoiling the minds of youth and putting all society at risk.
“….Growing in Love’s sex abuse begins hitting hard in kindergarten. GIL is calculated to deceive with its superficial God talk. Religion is reduced to sexuality, feelings, trusting others and making choices. GIL’s repetitive emphasis on genitalia, feel good sexual acts, and explicit detail of such acts could only have been developed by homosexual/lesbian pedophiles who care nothing about the purity of children or the sanctity of the Church.
Once children are introduced to the filth in this program those images will remain. Add to this the cumulative effect as the same filth is repeated and built upon year after year. It is psychological taunting and emotional titillating while sporting a superficial love, respect and trust of others. …”
According to the canonist of The St. Joseph Foundation, Texas there is no recourse to these bishops and or the collaborators who teach this obnoxious curriculum that intends to destroy Catholicism. Why doesn’t N C R put this curriculum in headlines? Our youth are our most valuable asset. The bishops of the U S are outrageously foistering what most assuredly will harm their salvation and those around them.
I am an Ursuline alum and disappointed in your crude assessment of the effectiveness of birth control. The gap between the rich and poor is growing in part due to high use and access of birth control in wealthier communities and limited access and use in low-income communities. Birth control does not support a culture of death but a culture of life. Current government policies do not support these children once they are born. They live lives filled with poverty and suffering that they do not deserve. Instead, every child brought into the world deserves to be wanted and cared for. This is a separate issue from abortion given that life never begins. It prevents conception.
“I am an Ursuline alum and disappointed in your crude assessment of the effectiveness of birth control. The gap between the rich and poor is growingin part due to high use and access of birth control in wealthier communities and limited access and use in low-income communities. Birth control does not support a culture of death but a culture of life. Current government policies do not support these children once they are born. They live lives filled with poverty and suffering that they do not deserve. Instead, every child brought into the world deserves to be wanted and cared for. This is aseparate issue from abortion given that life never begins. It preventsconception.”
I understand that you obviously don’t agree with the Catholic Church on the stance of contraception. But, that is the stance of the Church. If one does not agree with the Church, that’s OK. But the scandal here is that Melinda Gates is calling herself “Catholic” and promoting things that are not Catholic. It’s like McDonalds or Burger King calling themselves “Vegetarians” and continuing to sell meat and chicken and fish. If Melinda Gates wishes to give to this cause, she’s free to do so. But, she should not do it under the guise of her “Catholic conscience.”
“I fail to see the outrage with Melinda Gates and I fail to understand the loud silence in regards to our youth being sexually harassed in Catholic parochial schools and supported faithfully by weekly financial giving. The“Growing In Love” sexualized Catechized series is approved by the U. S.bishops.”
I agreee with your assessment of the “Growing in Love” series. From your link, it appears that this GIL is something that is being taught in public schools. They really should substitute it with “Theology of the Body.” For a while, the Bishops have been teaching sexual morality and ethics that are contrary to Church teachings. It began in the 60s nd 70s and continued well into the 90s. A lot of them were against Humane Vitae, which was the proverbial “line-drawn-in-the-sand” between the Church and many in the hierarchy. May Bishops and priests left the Church because of that. And those that stayed, chose to promote contraception and other sexually immoral practices.
That aside, the outrage with Melinda Gates is not that she’s giving to organizations that support contraception distribution and abortion, but that she’s doing it under her “Catholic conscience.”
I don’t know what an Ursuline alum is but obviously she is consistent and in lock step with 90% of the teachers in Catholic parochial schools who do not follow nor believe in the teachings of the Catholic Church in regards to birth controlling. Pope Piux XI encyclical “Marriage” of 1930 taught that it is a mortal sin to prevent conception. Guess he got that wrong according to Ursuline alum. Parochial school youth are currently taught they have a right to their choice of sexual gratification in the “Growing In Love” sex ed curriculum. It is on the minds of those who violate the 6th and 9th Commandments of that dreaded baby and since the conciliar church is silent on the sin of birthcontrolling, there are more abortions with post Vatican II believers or more some say than protestants. Contraceptives and other methods will fail and abortion is needed for a back up. Abortion is indeed connected to the birthcontrolling mentality. The Catholic Church teaches that birth controlling is another and a worse form of gluttonous sensuality and it carries its own punishments. Married couples who practice birthcontrolling have degraded that Sacrament to a state of legalized sensual indulgence. How can anyone pretend they don’t know what the truth is in regards to what Holy Mother the Church teaches about birth controlling unless of course they are not Catholic.
Jesus condemned divorce many times but never condemned or mentioned birth control. We condemn birth control but have accepted divorce to the point that we never even mention that Jesus condemmned it. I wonder what He would think of our priorities?
“Onanism” is the sin of birth controlling - Gen. 38:8-10.
The comments are right on target; unfortunately too many Catholic Deans, and Progressive Liberal Bishops were racing to support National Centralized controlled healthcare without reading the initial congressional bill or listening to the remarks of those writing the bill.
Thus we are in a position of “rightly” criticizing Gates while at the same time placing our Magisterium’s teachings on the same platter as the
incessant demand for more and more humanitarian grants from the government trough knowing that in some manner or form OUR Catholic Truths will be compromised.
It is a moral tragedy to be providing condemns to the Poor but where was the outrage from Cardinal Timothy Dole and the USCCB when Obama cancelled the bush amendment not to provide aid funds for the purpose of abortions or abortifacts.
There will be more Gates like interpretations of the Truths until the Bishop’s return to teaching the Truth along with a steady diet of the
Commandments and a dose of the reality of Hell.
God Bless,
Ralph Benware
bishopsbishops
May God have mercy on the souls of the nuns who taught her and all who follow her bad example. Jesus had very specific words for teachers who corrupted little ones.
If you want the words of Jesus, how about these, “woe to you scholars of the law who place heavy burdens on the people and lift not a finger to help them!” The objection to the church power structure’s ban on contraception is so strong and so widespread that it could not be happening unless the Holy Spirit were behind it!
I noticed that in the statement by the Ursuline Academy, no where does it state that Linda Gates, AS A PRACTICING CATHOLIC and whose conscience is formed by Church social teaching, is the impetus for her social concern for women of the world. They seem embarrassed to proclaim the Faith in no uncertain terms. Then again, they too ‘follow’ the money.
Melinda is choosing anti-Catholic friends in the abortion busines, rather than followers of Jesus. Here there are strong echos of Martin Luther’s “I will not serve.” In a few short years she will have to give an account…and her money will have no value.
Virus of LCWR’s views are slowly penetrating the religious societies in India too. It is impossible to accept these people as ‘Brides of Jesus”
Now a supposed ‘practicing’ Catholic and philanthropist is plainly opposing Church’s teachings.
And Church seems to be helpless as it faces an on-coming ‘tsunami’
She doesn’t seem to have any answer to these malady.
God has His plans. Who knows, may be the Holy Spirit is ‘renewing the face of the Earth’
That may well bond without the need of absolutely love, you will hear absolutely love without the need of bond. http://www.jordanretro4air.com http://www.jordanretro4air.com/
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