Over at Catholic and Enjoying It, somebody sent me a link to a new movie about the Algerian martyrs and then jokingly asked if I had seen the action-packed film Into Great Silence. (If you don’t know, Into Great Silence is a rich contemplative film that takes a long slow look at the lives of some Benedictine monks. For a really great review of the film, see the Register‘s own Steven Greydanus, who loved it).
As I confessed to my reader, I’ve never seen the film. However, I did have a small anecdote since a Dominican priest of my acquaintance had gone to see it and, with the cross town high school rivalry one sometimes sees exhibited among the various orders with their various charisms, had remarked of it, “There was all that beautiful, beautiful spiritual fruit—just sitting there, rotting.”
I noted:
It’s a classic difference between the Benedictine and Dominican ways. Contemplation is an end in itself in the Benedictine way. For Dominicans, contemplation is ordered toward sharing the fruits of contemplation (particularly via preaching and writing). As a Dominican fan, my sympathies are with Padre’s critique, but I can also appreciate the fact that the film really captured the beauty of the Benedictine way. It’s a big Church.
There were two responses to this that I thought were notable. One was pretty reasonable:
Christian contemplation is never an end in itself. That’s spiritual navel-gazing and is very different from authentic Christian spirituality, which is always interpersonal. What may be different here is how contemplation is offered to God. For monks like the Benedictines, it is done within the cloistered environment of the monastery; for friars like the Dominicans, it is done in community, but while serving “in the world but not of the world.”
I suspect the saints enjoying the Beatific Vision might argue about that. I think it’s wiser to say that contemplation is not always an end in itself.
The second reply, however, I found both ridiculous and chilling:
There is one God, one Church and one path to salvation. It follows that there must be one way of following this path and that any deviation misses the mark. Any variation between one spiritual practice and another implies that the first is lacking in something that is found in the second; it is deficient, and having its good diminished in this way, becomes evil. That the Church is big can be no defense since the way to salvation is small, a narrow path, the door to salvation the length and breadth of which is akin to the eye of a needle. The conclusion is inescapable: variety is the province of Hell; a rationalization meant to excuse something that is incompatible with the nature of God.
“Variety is the province of Hell” is the credo of every Police State in the world. Meanwhile, we believe in a *Catholic* Church that is a riot of variety. The Good Lord has made a world that is utterly crazy in its variety. And there is legitimate variety in the Catholic tradition, which is why both Benedictines and Dominicans (as well as countless other forms of Catholic spirituality) have a place there. The absolutely crazy notion that “variety is the province of Hell” is one of the nuttiest, most unCatholic things I’ve ever heard. It’s the sort of mania that produces Protestant sects by the bushel, all convinced that their little obsession with some tiny facet of revelation constitutes All God Ever Had to Say. The whole point of the Catholicity of the Church is that God is too full for us to contain him in one tiny human life, or in 7 billion human lives. Yes, the Church is one and salvation is through Jesus Christ alone. But
there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; and there are varieties of service, but the same Lord; and there are varieties of working, but it is the same God who inspires them all in every one. To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good. To one is given through the Spirit the utterance of wisdom, and to another the utterance of knowledge according to the same Spirit, to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit, to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the ability to distinguish between spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. All these are inspired by one and the same Spirit, who apportions to each one individually as he wills. For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ. For by one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit. For the body does not consist of one member but of many. If the foot should say, “Because I am not a hand, I do not belong to the body,” that would not make it any less a part of the body. And if the ear should say, “Because I am not an eye, I do not belong to the body,” that would not make it any less a part of the body. If the whole body were an eye, where would be the hearing? If the whole body were an ear, where would be the sense of smell? But as it is, God arranged the organs in the body, each one of them, as he chose. If all were a single organ, where would the body be? As it is, there are many parts, yet one body. The eye cannot say to the hand, “I have no need of you,” nor again the head to the feet, “I have no need of you.” On the contrary, the parts of the body which seem to be weaker are indispensable, and those parts of the body which we think less honorable we invest with the greater honor, and our unpresentable parts are treated with greater modesty, which our more presentable parts do not require. But God has so composed the body, giving the greater honor to the inferior part, that there may be no discord in the body, but that the members may have the same care for one another. If one member suffers, all suffer together; if one member is honored, all rejoice together. (1 Cor 12:4-26)
“That which is not forbidden is compulsory” is neither a biblical passage, nor a quotation from the Fathers, nor an teaching from an encyclical, nor a quotation from St. Thomas, nor a conciliar decree. If “variety is the province of Hell” then St. Paul was an emissary of Satan. My inclination is to trust St. Paul and think that some Catholics are, under the lash of reaction to false notions of “diversity” in pop culture, misled into thinking of the Church as a Police State than as the Body of Christ with many members, gifts and charisms.



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...not Benedictine but Carthusian monks.
Hi Mark… I like your columns a great deal but must differ with you and your Dominican friend about the Carthusians (not Benedictines, of course). I am joined by many Popes and others in support of the contemplative life led by the Carthusians for so many centuries. And this support is in “preference” to the traditions of the Dominicans and similar orders. I put “preference” in quotes because it all depends on how God is calling us and what He believes the needs of His Church are. Their life is not for most of us (me, included!!) but it is a fabulous witness to Christian Love of God. Would you say that the similarly cloistered life of St. Therese of Liseiux was a waste? I don’t think so. If there is an analogy, take this: If you love your wife deeply, could you spend all day, every day for your whole life with her? Most of us would find this very difficult but probably more possible than with anyone else. Would you regard this as a waste of your life? I don’t think so. I guess the Carthusian life does not need my defense. Look at its duration and nobility - vis-a-vis so many other religious orders - but that is my 2 cents worth. Mark - keep up your good work!
I was taught by the Dominicans and cannot thank them enough for the wonderful education I received BUT I am also thank full every day knowing that the Carthusians pray for us. Ask and you shall receive…..
Folks:
Please understand. My point is not “Dominicans good. Carthusians bad.” My point is precisely that the claim “Variety is the province of Hell” is profoundly un-Catholic. Hence, the title “Police State Spirituality”. It is Hell, not Heaven, that confounds monolithic sameness and uniformity with the unity of the Spirit. As von Balthasar says, “Truth is symphonic.”
I just watched the movie last night and recommend that you watch it. Just don’t let the first half of it deceive you. Nothing changes mid-way into the movie, but I found myself adjusting to the rhythm, the beauty of the monks simplicity. It isn’t so much a movie as an experience.
I’d definitely agree with your conclusion in favor of variety in charism. I’d also encourage you to watch “Into Great Silence”. But get in the mood first. This is not like the junk that most modern day movies are. The name says it all. Consider it a 2 1/2 hour retreat. That’s how I use it. It’s like a silent reteat on film and will take some time for you to slow down and get into the contemplative rhythm.
Variety is needed in the Church, but I also think everyone needs to have some daily contemplative time. Our society tries to tell us that we must be busy busy busy, at all times. Anything less is a “waste” as your Dominican friend seems to think. But time alone with Got is not wasted. The Carthusian’s lives are not spiritual fruit “rotting”. They are a very strong sign of the core of spirituality sorely needed in our activist society. I think we all need to spend some time daily in the silence of the Lord’s presence. Some, like Carthusians, Trappists, Carmelites, etc, are called to it full time.
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